راهنمای سریع نحو عبارات منظم
✅ ترکیب پایهٔ عبارات منظم و برخی الگوهای متداول را ارائه دهید، مانند: نام کاربری، گذرواژه، شماره تلفن همراه، نشانی ایمیل، تگهای HTML، و غیره.
دادهها و مرجع
| Regex Character | Description |
|---|---|
| \ | Escapes the next character to treat it as a special character, literal character, a backreference, or an octal escape. For example, "n" matches the character "n", while "\n" matches a newline. "\\\\" matches "\", while "\(" matches "(". |
| ^ | Matches the beginning of the input string. If the RegExp object's Multiline property is set, ^ also matches the position after a "\n" or "\r". |
| $ | Matches the end of the input string. If the Multiline property is set, $ also matches the position before a "\n" or "\r". |
| * | Matches the preceding subexpression zero or more times. For example, "zo*" matches "z" and "zoo". Equivalent to {0,}. |
| + | Matches the preceding subexpression one or more times. For example, "zo+" matches "zo" and "zoo", but not "z". Equivalent to {1,}. |
| ? | Matches the preceding subexpression zero or one time. For example, "do(es)?" matches "do" in "does" or just "do". Equivalent to {0,1}. |
| {n} | n is a non-negative integer. Matches exactly n times. For example, "o{2}" does not match the "o" in "Bob", but matches the two o's in "food". |
| {n,} | n is a non-negative integer. Matches at least n times. For example, "o{2,}" does not match the "o" in "Bob" but matches all o's in "foooood". "o{1,}" is equivalent to "o+", and "o{0,}" is equivalent to "o*". |
| {n,m} | n and m are non-negative integers, where n<=m. Matches at least n times and at most m times. For example, "o{1,3}" matches the first three o's in "fooooood". "o{0,1}" is equivalent to "o?". Note: no spaces between comma and numbers. |
| ? | When following any quantifier (*, +, ?, {n}, {n,}, {n,m}), makes the match non-greedy. Non-greedy matches as few characters as possible, while the default greedy mode matches as many as possible. For example, in "oooo", "o+?" matches a single "o", whereas "o+" matches all "o"s. |
| . | Matches any single character except "\n". To include newline, use a pattern like "(.|\n)". |
| (pattern) | Matches pattern and captures the match for later use. Captured matches can be accessed from the Matches collection in VBScript or $0…$9 properties in JScript. To match parentheses literally, use "\(" or "\)". |
| (?:pattern) | Matches pattern but does not capture the match. Useful for grouping without storing for later use. For example, "industr(?:y|ies)" is shorter than "industry|industries". |
| (?=pattern) | Positive lookahead. Matches a position where pattern starts. Does not consume characters. For example, "Windows(?=95|98|NT|2000)" matches "Windows" in "Windows2000" but not in "Windows3.1". |
| (?!pattern) | Negative lookahead. Matches a position where pattern does not start. Does not consume characters. For example, "Windows(?!95|98|NT|2000)" matches "Windows" in "Windows3.1" but not in "Windows2000". |
| (?<=pattern) | Positive lookbehind. Matches a position preceded by pattern. For example, "(?<=95|98|NT|2000)Windows" matches "Windows" in "2000Windows" but not in "3.1Windows". |
| (?<!pattern) | Negative lookbehind. Matches a position not preceded by pattern. For example, "(?<!95|98|NT|2000)Windows" matches "Windows" in "3.1Windows" but not in "2000Windows". |
| x|y | Matches x or y. For example, "z|food" matches "z" or "food". "(z|f)ood" matches "zood" or "food". |
| [xyz] | Character set. Matches any one of the included characters. For example, "[abc]" matches "a" in "plain". |
| [^xyz] | Negated character set. Matches any character not listed. For example, "[^abc]" matches "p" in "plain". |
| [a-z] | Character range. Matches any character within the specified range. For example, "[a-z]" matches any lowercase letter from "a" to "z". |
| [^a-z] | Negated character range. Matches any character not within the specified range. For example, "[^a-z]" matches any character not between "a" and "z". |
| \b | Matches a word boundary, i.e., position between a word and a space. For example, "er\b" matches "er" in "never" but not in "verb". |
| \B | Matches a non-word boundary. "er\B" matches "er" in "verb" but not in "never". |
| \cx | Matches the control character indicated by x. For example, "\cM" matches Control-M or carriage return. x must be A-Z or a-z. Otherwise, c is treated literally. |
| \d | Matches a digit character. Equivalent to [0-9]. |
| \D | Matches a non-digit character. Equivalent to [^0-9]. |
| \f | Matches a form feed. Equivalent to \x0c or \cL. |
| \n | Matches a newline. Equivalent to \x0a or \cJ. |
| \r | Matches a carriage return. Equivalent to \x0d or \cM. |
| \s | Matches any whitespace character, including space, tab, form feed, etc. Equivalent to [ \f\n\r\t\v]. |
| \S | Matches any non-whitespace character. Equivalent to [^ \f\n\r\t\v]. |
| \t | Matches a tab. Equivalent to \x09 or \cI. |
| \v | Matches a vertical tab. Equivalent to \x0b or \cK. |
| \w | Matches any word character, including underscore. Equivalent to [A-Za-z0-9_]. |
| \W | Matches any non-word character. Equivalent to [^A-Za-z0-9_]. |
| \xn | Matches the character with hexadecimal value n. Hex value must be exactly two digits. For example, "\x41" matches "A". "\x041" is interpreted as "\x04" followed by "1". |
| \num | Matches a backreference to the capture group num, which is a positive integer. For example, "(.)\1" matches two consecutive identical characters. |
| \n | Specifies an octal escape or backreference. If there are at least n capture groups before, it's a backreference. Otherwise, if n is 0-7, it is an octal escape. |
| \nm | Specifies an octal escape or backreference. If there are at least nm capture groups before, it is a backreference. If n and m are octal digits (0-7), it matches the octal escape nm. |
| \nml | If n is 0-3, and m and l are 0-7, matches the octal escape nml. |
| \un | Matches the Unicode character with four hex digits n. For example, \u00A9 matches the copyright symbol (©). |
| Description | Regular Expression |
|---|---|
| URL | [a-zA-z]+://[^\s]* |
| IP Address | ((2[0-4]\d|25[0-5]|[01]?\d\d?)\.){3}(2[0-4]\d|25[0-5]|[01]?\d\d?) |
| Email Address | \w+([-+.]\w+)*@\w+([-.]\w+)*\.\w+([-.]\w+)* |
| QQ Number | [1-9]\d{4,} |
| HTML Tag (with content or self-closing) | <(.*)(.*)>.*<\/\1>|<(.*) \/> |
| Password (must include digits, uppercase, lowercase, and symbols, at least 8 characters) | (?=^.{8,}$)(?=.*\d)(?=.*\W+)(?=.*[A-Z])(?=.*[a-z])(?!.*\n).*$ |
| Date (YYYY-MM-DD) | (\d{4}|\d{2})-((1[0-2])|(0?[1-9]))-(([12][0-9])|(3[01])|(0?[1-9])) |
| Date (MM/DD/YYYY) | ((1[0-2])|(0?[1-9]))/(([12][0-9])|(3[01])|(0?[1-9]))/(\d{4}|\d{2}) |
| Time (HH:MM, 24-hour) | ((1|0?)[0-9]|2[0-3]):([0-5][0-9]) |
| Chinese Character | [\u4e00-\u9fa5] |
| Chinese & Full-width Punctuation | [\u3000-\u301e\ufe10-\ufe19\ufe30-\ufe44\ufe50-\ufe6b\uff01-\uffee] |
| Mainland China Landline | (\d{4}-|\d{3}-)?(\d{8}|\d{7}) |
| Mainland China Mobile | 1\d{10} |
| Mainland China Postal Code | [1-9]\d{5} |
| Mainland China ID Number (15 or 18 digits) | \d{15}(\d\d[0-9xX])? |
| Non-negative Integer (≥0) | \d+ |
| Positive Integer | [0-9]*[1-9][0-9]* |
| Negative Integer | -[0-9]*[1-9][0-9]* |
| Integer | -?\d+ |
| Decimal | (-?\d+)(\.\d+)? |
| Word not containing "abc" | \b((?!abc)\w)+\b |
Note: Regular expressions are useful for string processing, form validation, etc. Here are some commonly used patterns for reference.
عبارتهای منظم، که به آنها الگوهای قاعدهای نیز گفته میشود، الگوهای متنیای هستند که معمولاً برای جستوجو، جایگزینی و پردازش متن استفاده میشوند. آنها اساساً از حروف a تا z و برخی نمادهای ویژه تشکیل شدهاند. دامنهٔ کاربرد عبارتهای منظم بسیار گسترده است؛ ابتدا در سیستمهای Unix رواج پیدا کرد و بعدها بهطور گسترده در زبانهایی مانند Scala، PHP، C#، Java، C++، Objective-C، Perl، Swift، VBScript، JavaScript، Ruby، Python و غیره گسترش یافت. یادگیری عبارتهای منظم در واقع به معنای آموختن یک روش بسیار منعطف از تفکر منطقی است که از راههای ساده و سریع برای کنترل رشتههای متنی استفاده میکند.
ما عبارتهای منظم پرکاربرد را برای شما گردآوری کردهایم — عبارتهایی که توسعهدهندگان بهطور مکرر از آنها استفاده میکنند — تا بتوانید سریع از آنها بهره ببرید، زمان ارزشمند خود را صرفهجویی کنید و کارایی توسعه را بهبود بخشید. عبارتهای منظم زیر چندین بار آزمایش شدهاند و بهطور مداوم اضافه میشوند. از آنجا که عبارتهای منظم ممکن است بین برنامهها یا ابزارهای مختلف کمی متفاوت باشند، در صورت نیاز میتوانید تغییرات جزئی اعمال کنید.
